报 告 人：侯英楠   植物科学系长聘教轨副教授

时    间：2021年5月26日 (星期三) 12:40-14:00

地    点：农生学院创新楼（B楼）104会议室

主办单位：农生学院学科与科技办、农生学院青年教师联谊会

 

 

 

报告题目： 跨物种基因沉默与植物免疫

报告摘要：

植物抗病机制研究是植物生物学研究的重要方向。为应对病原菌的入侵，植物会启动一系列防卫反应。病原菌为了成功感染植物，也演化出了相应的机制来破坏植物防卫反应。由此形成了植物与病原菌之间防御-反防御的“军备竞赛”。诸多证据表明，植物小RNA（Small RNA）在植物免疫调节中扮演了非常重要的角色。一方面，sRNA精细调节植物自身免疫相关基因的表达；另一方面，植物sRNA可以直接作为抗病因子通过跨界运输引起病原菌的基因沉默，从而抑制病原菌的致病能力。sRNA诱导跨界基因沉默是近期动植物领域的研究热点。报告人课题组以疫霉菌与植物互作体系为模式，以植物次级siRNA为切入点，成功解析了疫霉菌 RNA 沉默抑制因子在宿主植物细胞中的作用机制，并证明了siRNA 介导的跨界基因沉默在植物对抗疫霉菌过程中具有重要作用。

报告人简介：

2014年获北京大学生物学博士学位，2014-2020年在美国加州大学河滨分校进行博士后研究，2020年7月入职农生学院。

【PI学科组研究方向】：

侯英楠副教授课题组主要开展植物与病原菌互作机制方面的研究。主要研究方向如下：

（1）植物表观遗传调控对植物免疫的调节。 

（2）生物大分子物质在微生物与植物宿主之间的跨界运输机制。

（3）环境因素对植物-微生物互作的影响。

 

【代表性著作】： 

1. Hou, Y., and Ma, W. Natural Host-Induced Gene Silencing Offers New Opportunities to Engineer Disease Resistance. Trends in microbiology (2020).
2. Hudzik, C., Hou, Y., Ma, W., and Axtell, M.J. Exchange of small regulatory RNAs between plants and their pests. Plant physiology (2020).
3. Hou, Y., Zhai, Y., Feng, L., Karimi, H.Z., Rutter, B.D., Zeng, L., Choi, D.S., Zhang, B., Gu, W., and Chen, X. A Phytophthora effector suppresses trans-kingdom RNAi to promote disease susceptibility. Cell host & microbe (2019).
4. Cai, Q., Liang, C., Wang, S., Hou, Y., Gao, L., Liu, L., He, W., Ma, W., Mo, B., and Chen, X. The disease resistance protein SNC1 represses the biogenesis of microRNAs and phased siRNAs. Nature communications (2018).
5. Hou, Y., and Ma, W. Small RNA and mRNA profiling of Arabidopsis in response to Phytophthora infection and PAMP treatment. Plant Pattern Recognition Receptors (Springer), (2017).
6. Hou, Y., Guo, X., Cyprys, P., Zhang, Y., Bleckmann, A., Cai, L., Huang, Q., Luo, Y., Gu, H., and Dresselhaus, T. Maternal ENODLs are required for pollen tube reception in Arabidopsis. Current Biology (2016).

 

ACADEMIC SALON (XV)

SPEAKER: Yingnan Hou

Tenure-track Associate Professor, PI

Dept. of Plant Science, SAB

TIME ：12:40-14:00  May 26, 2021

VENUE：Room 104, Building B, SAB

ORGANIZER：Office of Discipline and Science & Technology, SAB;

Young Teachers Association, SAB

TITLE：Trans-species RNAi and Plant Immunity

ABSTRACT：

Filamentous eukaryotic pathogens, including fungi and oomycetes, are major threats of economically important crops. Most filamentous plant pathogens are biotrophic or hemibiotrophic, engaged in a continuous battle with plant hosts by exchanging active materials to manipulate each other. Oomycetes, such as Phytophthora, are known for secreting a large number of effectors to modulate host immune responses, and accumulating evidence suggests that plant sRNAs can move across species and function as antimicrobial agents against non-viral pathogens. We discovered that plant secondary siRNAs were induced by Phytophthora infection and move into interacting Phytophthora cells. This movement of siRNAs results in decreased expression of Phytophthora transcripts through trans-species RNA interference, thus enhancing plant defense. Therefore, exploiting sRNA transfer mechanisms and engineering siRNA-producing loci could be a useful strategy to engineer crops with improved disease resistance.