学术沙龙

学术沙龙第一期:Evolutionary Mechanism Underpinning Metabolic Diversity in Plants

发布时间:2020-12-02  阅读次数:2147

报 告 人:刘振华  农生学院植物科学系   长聘教轨副教授 博导 独立PI

时    间:2020年12月2日 (星期三) 12:45-13:30

地    点:农生学院创新楼(B楼)104会议室

主办单位:农生学院学科与科技办、农生学院青年教师联谊会

 

 

报告题目:

Evolutionary Mechanism Underpinning Metabolic Diversity in Plants

报告摘要:

植物区别于动物的一个显著特征是植物基因组编码成千上万的天然代谢小分子。长期以来,人们对于这些小分子的进化机制知之甚少。这极大地阻碍了科学家们在浩如烟海的基因组或者转录组数据中去挖掘有价值的代谢通路,以及运用合成生物学大规模的表达和合成高价值的天然小分子。近年来,代谢领域非常重要的一个进展是植物代谢基因簇的发现。这些基因簇由来自不同酶家族的基因在染色体上紧密连锁组成。大约有50多个不同类型的植物基因簇被报道,它们往往编码参与植物抗病抗逆等重要生理过程相关的天然小分子。通过研究植物基因簇在物种内和物种间的多样性,我们为进一步理解自然界天然小分子的多样性进化机制提供了新的见解,也为合成生物学开发新的天然活性产物提供了理论指导。

报告人简介:

【PI学科组研究方向】:

植物预计能合成约20~100万的天然代谢小分子。这些小分子不仅是植物和外界交流的“语言”,也是它们抵抗逆境的“生化武器”。同时,它们也组成了我们人类生活中不可或缺的“营养”,“药材”和“能源”等的天然材料来源。我们研究组将整合植物基因组,转录组,蛋白组和代谢组等多组学研究手段,探索植物次生代谢小分子的(1)合成与(2)运输,(3)多样性的分子进化机制,(4)以及运用合成生物学的手段,合成低价,优质的植物天然产物。

【代表性著作】:

1.Liu Z, Cheema J, Vigouroux M, Hill L, Reed J, Paajanen P, Yant L, Osbourn A. Formation and diversification of a paradigm biosynthetic gene cluster in plants. Nat Commun2020 Oct;11(1) 5354. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19153-6.

2.Liu Z, Suarez Duran HG, Harnvanichvech Y, Stephenson MJ, Schranz ME, Nelson D, Medema MH, Osbourn A. Drivers of metabolic diversification: how dynamic genomic neighbourhoods generate new biosynthetic pathways in the BrassicaceaeNew Phytol2020 Aug;227(4):1109-1123.

3.Liu Z, Tavares R, Forsythe ES, André F, Lugan R, Jonasson G, Boutet-Mercey S, Tohge T, Beilstein MA, Werck-Reichhart D, Renault H. Evolutionary interplay between sister cytochrome P450 genes shapes plasticity in plant metabolism. Nat Commun. 2016 Oct 7;7:13026.

 

ACADEMIC SALON (I)

SPEAKER: Zhenhua Liu

Tenure-track Associate Professor, Ph.D. Supervisor, PI

Department of Plant Science, SAB

TIME :12:45-13:30  Dec 2, 2020  (Wed)

VENUE:Room 104, Building B, SAB

ORGANIZER:Office of Discipline and Science & Technology, SAB;

Young Teachers Association, SAB

TITLE:Evolutionary Mechanism Underpinning Metabolic Diversity in Plants

ABSTRACT:

Numerous examples of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), including for compounds of agricultural and medicinal importance, have now been discovered in plant genomes. However, little is known about how these complex traits are assembled and diversified. Here we examine a large number of variants within and between species for a paradigm BGC (the thalianol cluster), which has evolved specifically within the Arabidopsis genus. Comparisons at the species level reveal differences in BGC organization and involvement of auxiliary genes, resulting in production of species-specific triterpenes. Within species, the thalianol cluster is primarily fixed, showing a low frequency of deleterious haplotypes. We further identify adaptive chromosomal inversion as a molecular mechanism that shuffles more distant genes into the cluster, so enabling cluster compaction. Antagonistic natural selection pressures are likely involved in shaping the occurrence and maintenance of this BGC. Our work sheds light on the birth, life and death of complex genetic and metabolic traits in plants.

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